• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    well centralizer, method for installing a centralizer in a well and method of manufacturing a well centralizer. the present invention generally relates to arc-type centralizers used during operations in oil and / or gas wells. more particularly, the present invention relates to arc type centralizers used in casing columns or other tubes and accessories inserted in said wells. the well centralizer (1) comprises a tubular element (10) that has a central through hole (11), an external surface (18), and the first (12) and second (15) circumferential channels arranged on said external surface ( 18); a first web element (101) pivotally arranged in said first circumferential channel (12); a second web element (103) pivotally arranged in said second circumferential channel (15); and a plurality of arc spring elements (110), each having a first end (111) and a second end (111), wherein said first end (111) is connected to said first web element ( 101) and said second end (111) is connected to said second web element (103).
    公开号:BR112014023345B1
    申请号:R112014023345-4
    申请日:2013-03-20
    公开日:2021-03-23
    发明作者:J. Christopher Jordan；James G. Martens；Jeffrey J. Arcement；John E. Hebert；Juan Carlos Mondelli；Scottie J. Scott；Thomas A. Dupre'
    申请人:Blackhawk Specialty Tools, Llc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] [001] The present invention generally relates to arc type centralizers used during operations in oil and / or gas wells. More particularly, the present invention relates to arc type centralizers used in casing columns or other tubes and accessories inserted in said wells. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [0002] [002] The drilling of an oil or gas well is often carried out with the use of a surface drill rig and a tubular drill tube. When installing the drill pipe (or other pipes and fittings) in a well, such a pipe is typically inserted into a hole in the well in numerous sections of approximately equal length commonly referred to as “connections”. As a well penetrates deeper into the earth, additional pipe joints must be added for the constant elongation of the “drill column” in the drill rig in order to increase the depth of the well.
    [0003] [003] After a well has been drilled to a desired depth, the relatively large diameter tube known as the casing is typically installed inside a well and then cemented in place. As the liner is installed in a well, it is often advantageous to rotate and / or alternate that liner within said well. After the coating is installed, cementation is carried out by pumping a predetermined volume of cement paste into the well using high pressure pumps. The cement paste is typically pumped down from the inner hole of the liner, outside the distal end of the liner and around the outer surface of the liner.
    [0004] [004] After a predetermined volume of cement is pumped, a set of buffer or cleaner is typically pumped down the inner hole of the liner with the use of drilling mud or other fluid, in order to completely displace the cement from the inner hole of the liner. coating. In this way, the cement paste leaves the inner hole of the liner and enters the annular space between the outer surface of the liner and the inner surface of the well hole. After such a cement becomes hard, it should advantageously hold the liner in place and form a fluid seal to prevent fluid flow along the outer surface of the liner.
    [0005] [005] In many conventional cementing operations, an apparatus known as a floating collar or floating assembly is often used at or near the bottom (distal) end of the coating column. In most cases, the floating assembly comprises a short casing length or other tubular housing equipped with a check valve assembly. Such a check valve assembly allows the cement slurry to flow out of the distal end of the liner, but prevents the heavier cement slurry from flowing back into the inner liner bore when pumping is stopped.
    [0006] [006] The devices known as "centralizers" are also frequently used in connection with the installation and cementation of the liner in the wells. Such centralizers are often mounted on the casing columns in order to center such casing columns in a well and obtain an evenly thick cement sheath around the outer casing surface. Different types of centralizers have been used, and coating centering is generally well known to a person skilled in the art. The centering of a coating column near its bottom end, in particular, around the floating equipment, is often considered especially important to maintain a uniform cement sheath and, consequently, a fluid seal around the bottom end. (distal) of a coating column. For this reason, placing centralizers on or near floating equipment and / or the distal end of a coating column is often desirable.
    [0007] [007] A common type of centralizer is an “arc spring” centralizer. Such arc spring centralizers typically comprise a pair of separate end bands that surround a casing column (or other central tubular element that can be installed within the length of a casing column), and are held in place at a desired location of the coating. Numerous resilient outwardly arched spring leaf elements connect to the two end bands, separated at desired locations around the circumference of said bands. The configuration of the arch spring centralizers allows the arch spring blades to retract at least partially as a casing column is introduced into a well and undergoes any diameter restriction, such as a piece of equipment or hole section of the well that has an internal diameter smaller than the extended arc spring diameter. Such arc springs can then extend back radially outward after the passage of said centralizer through said section of reduced diameter.
    [0008] [008] Unlike conventional onshore or platform-based drilling operations, when drilling is conducted from drill rig rigs, semi-submersible rigs and certain self-elevating drilling rigs, the submarine preventer set and wellhead assemblies located on or near the seabed. Typically, a large diameter tube known as a riser is used as a conduit to connect subsea assemblies to such a probe. During drilling operations, the drill pipe and other downhole equipment are lowered from a probe through such a riser, as well as, through the subsea and wellhead preventer set, and into the hole that is being drilled into the earth's crust.
    [0009] [009] When a casing column is installed in such a well, the upper end or close to such a casing column is typically seated or installed within a subsea wellhead assembly. In such cases, it is generally advantageous for a fluid pressure seal to be formed between the casing column and the wellhead assembly. In order to facilitate such a seal, certain undersea wellhead internal surfaces often include at least polished bore receptacle or elastomer / composite seal element that is designed to receive and form a fluid pressure seal with the liner column. . As a result, the internal sealing surface of the wellhead assembly and, in particular, such polished bore receptacles and / or sealing elements, must be clean and relatively wear-free, so that a coating column can be appropriately seated and sealed inside the wellhead.
    [0010] [010] The descent of the tube (drilling column, liner and / or other equipment) through a wellhead can cause wear on the inner surface of a wellhead thereby damaging the sealing profile of said wellhead and making it difficult for the coating to be properly received within said wellhead. This is especially true for items that have a larger outside diameter than another tube or tubes and fittings that pass through a wellhead (such as, for example, centralizers), so larger items have a tendency to groove, deteriorate, mark and / or scratch the polished surfaces or sealing areas of said wellhead.
    [0011] [011] In certain circumstances, it is advantageous that the components of a centralizer assembly (i.e., end bands and arc springs) and said central body element are able to rotate in relation to each other. In other words, in certain circumstances (particularly when a casing column is being rotated) it is advantageous for said body element to rotate within said centralizer assembly. However, when the arc springs of the centralizer are compressed - such as during the passage of a centralizer assembly due to restrictions in a well or other equipment - the said arc springs can come into contact with and "narrow" against the external surface. of said central tubular element. Such contact generates frictional resistance forces that prevent a central tubular element from rotating freely within such centralizer components (end bands and arc springs). Conventional rotary centralizer designs cause high rotation torques due to such frictional resistance forces encountered during pipe rotation operations.
    [0012] [012] Thus, there is a need for an arc spring type centralizer assembly with improved rotation capability that creates less resistance to friction during rotation. Said arc spring centralizer assembly must exhibit superior strength characteristics, while minimizing damage to wellheads, polished holes or other downhole equipment. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [0013] [013] The centralizer assembly of the present invention generally comprises a tubular body element that has a central flow hole extending through it. The upper and lower recesses or channels extend around the outer surface of said central tubular body. In the preferred embodiment, said upper and lower channels are oriented substantially parallel to each other, and substantially perpendicular to the central flow hole of said tubular body. Furthermore, said upper and lower channels extend substantially around the entire circumference of said tubular body.
    [0014] [014] An arc spring assembly is arranged around the outer surface of said tubular body element. Specifically, a substantially cylindrical end band is arranged within said upper channel and extends around the outer circumference of the tubular body, while a generally cylindrical lower end band is arranged within said lower channel and also extends around the outer circumference of the tubular body.
    [0015] [015] A plurality of arc spring elements having predetermined radial spacing extends between the upper and lower end bands. In the preferred embodiment, a notched design of said end bands provides stronger adhesion with a smooth profile, with chamfers in the flat profile welding end band notches. Said arc spring elements extend radially outwardly from said tubular body element and orient said upper and lower end bands towards each other. When compressed inwardly, said arc spring elements retract towards said tubular body element, and orient said upper and lower end bands away from each other.
    [0016] [016] Said arc spring assembly and said central tubular body element are advantageously rotatable with respect to each other. In a preferred embodiment, the present invention includes an arc spring heel support gripper to prevent such arc spring elements from coming into contact with the outer surface of said central tubular element when said arc springs are compressed, such as in a borehole restriction, even when said central tubular body is rotated within said arc spring assembly. Furthermore, said journal also provides a centralizer limiter (i.e., the limiting ring portion of the end band prevents the centralizer from sliding out of the central tubular element and allows it to be pulled instead of pushed into a restraint) .
    [0017] [017] Said arch spring heel support effectively eliminates the contact between the arch spring elements compressed inwards and the external surface of the central tubular element (particularly close to the heels of the arch springs), as well as, any torque forces and / or resistance to friction that said arc spring centralizer can create as the central tubular element rotates in relation to said arc spring elements and end bands. In other words, when said arched spring elements are fully elongated (such as when retracted inwards), said heel supports prevent said arched spring elements from coming into contact with the outer surface of said element. central tubular.
    [0018] [018] Furthermore, the rotational interference can be further reduced by using friction reduction means to assist or improve the rotation of said central tubular element in relation to said centralized joint arch spring. By way of illustration, however, without limitation, such friction reduction means may include bearings (which include, but are not necessarily limited to, fluid bearings, roller bearings, ball bearings or needle bearings). Said bearings can be mounted on said central tubular body, centralizer end bands, or both. In addition, the areas where said centralizer end bands come into contact with said central tubular element can be constructed or coated with the friction reduction material which includes, without limitation, silicone or materials that have high lubricity characteristics. or wear resistance. The optional lubrication ports can be provided through said end bands for injecting grease or other lubricant to lubricate the contact surfaces between said central tubular body and said centralizer end bands.
    [0019] [019] In order to reduce and / or prevent damage to wellheads and, more particularly, the polished surfaces of such wellheads, the components of the present material can be comprised of synthetic or composite materials (ie non-abrasive materials and / or low friction) that will not damage, groove or deteriorate the polished surfaces of wellheads or other equipment. In most cases, such components include arched spring elements, because such arched spring elements extend radially outward from the greatest distance (that is, exhibit the largest outside diameter) in relation to the centralizer central body, and are likely to have the greatest contact with such polished surfaces.
    [0020] [020] Certain components of the present invention (which include, without limitation, central tubular body, end bands or arc spring elements) can be substantially or completely comprised of synthetic material, composite or other non-metallic material. Alternatively, certain components can be constructed with a metallic center for resistance, with the edges or external surfaces constructed of or coated with a plastic, composite, synthetic and / or other non-abrasive or low-friction material that has the desired characteristics for prevent damage or marking of a wellhead or other polished surfaces in contact with the centralizer of the present invention. By way of illustration, however, without limitation, such non-abrasive or low-friction materials may comprise elastomeric polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene (marketed under the brand name Teflon®) and / or other materials that exhibit desired characteristics.
    [0021] [021] In the preferred embodiment, said non-abrasive or low-friction materials can be sprayed or otherwise applied to the desired surfaces of the centralizer or components thereof, in the same way as truck bed liner materials (such as, for example, truck bed linings marketed under the brand name “Rhino Liners” ®) are applied. Furthermore, in the circumstances in which a centralizer of the present invention is removed from a well, such a non-abrasive or low-friction material can be applied (or reapplied) to such a centralizer or portions thereof before reintroducing said centralizer into the well.
    [0022] [022] In addition, the present invention includes an optional protective support set. The support assembly of the present invention can be used to protect the centralizer of the present invention and, in particular, the arc spring elements thereof against damage during the transport and / or manipulation of said centralizer assembly. In the preferred embodiment, the protective support assembly of the present invention is inexpensive, reusable and easy to install and remove. Furthermore, said support assembly of the present invention can be advantageously constructed from composite materials to resist moisture absorption and prevent corrosion when in contact with the metal components of an arc spring assembly or central tubular element. In addition, such support set of the present invention can be advantageously retractable for convenient storage and transportation of such support set when not in use or installed in a centralizer or other tool.
    [0023] [023] The support set of the present invention can be attached to centralizers or other tools using a variety of means. In the preferred embodiment, said support set can advantageously be attached to a centralizer using at least one elastic band, in order to hold the arches and support elements securely in place. Thereafter, more robust bands or belts can be installed around said support elements to keep said support elements in place.
    [0024] [024] In an alternative embodiment, the support assembly of the present invention has rigid end pieces that can be shaped or otherwise manufactured. This realization of the support set of the present invention, which can be used instead of conventional wooden boxes or other similar devices commonly used during the transport and handling of such equipment, eliminates the need to fix the support elements in such boxes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [0025] [025] The foregoing summary, as well as any detailed description of the preferred embodiments, is best understood when read in conjunction with the drawings and figures contained in this document. For the purpose of illustrating the invention, the drawings and figures show certain preferred embodiments. However, it is understood that the invention is not limited to the specific methods and devices presented in such drawings or Figures.
    [0026] [026] Figure 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention.
    [0027] [027] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with the arc spring elements extended.
    [0028] [028] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with the arc spring elements retracted.
    [0029] [029] Figure 4 shows a side view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with the arc spring elements extended.
    [0030] [030] Figure 5 shows a side sectional view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention along line 5-5 of Figure 4.
    [0031] [031] Figure 6 shows an end view of a centralized arched spring assembly of the present invention with the arched spring elements extended.
    [0032] [032] Figure 7 shows an end sectional view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with the arc spring elements retracted.
    [0033] [033] Figure 8 shows a side sectional view of an arc spring element and end band of a centralizer assembly of the present invention.
    [0034] [034] Figure 9 shows a side sectional view of a lubrication port of a centralizer assembly of the present invention.
    [0035] [035] Figure 10 shows an end sectional view of an arc spring element and end band of a centralizer assembly of the present invention.
    [0036] [036] Figure 11 shows a sectional view of an arched spring element of the present invention that has rounded ends and tapered outer surfaces.
    [0037] [037] Figure 12 shows a sectional view of an arched spring element of the present invention that has rounded ends, but without tapered external surfaces.
    [0038] [038] Figure 13 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with a support structure assembly installed.
    [0039] [039] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly and support structure assembly of the present invention.
    [0040] [040] Figure 15 shows a side sectional view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with a support structure assembly installed.
    [0041] [041] Figure 16 shows an end sectional view of a centralizer assembly of the present invention with a support structure assembly installed.
    [0042] [042] Figure 17 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a centralizer end band of the present invention.
    [0043] [043] Figure 18 shows an end view of a centralized arch spring assembly of the present invention in a partially divided configuration.
    [0044] [044] Figure 19 shows a detailed view of the highlighted area shown in Figure 18.
    [0045] [045] Figure 20 shows an end view of a centralized arch spring assembly of the present invention in a joined configuration.
    [0046] [046] Figure 21 shows a detailed view of the highlighted area shown in Figure 20. DESCRIPTION OF REALIZATIONS OF THE INVENTION
    [0047] [047] The applications to which this application claims priority, provisional US patent application number 61 / 613,183, filed on March 20, 2012; US provisional patent application number 61 / 710,344, filed on October 5, 2012; and US provisional patent application number 61 / 726,615, filed on November 15, 2012, are incorporated in their entirety in this document for reference.
    [0048] [048] Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention. The centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention generally comprises a central tubular body element 10 that has a central flow hole 11 that extends therethrough. The upper channel 12 and the lower channel 15 extend around the outer surface of said central tubular body element 10. Said upper channel 12 and lower channel 15 are oriented substantially parallel to each other, substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal geometric axis of the central flow bore 11 of said tubular body element 10 and substantially around the entire outer circumference of said tubular body element 10.
    [0049] [049] The central body element 10 has an upper threaded connection 20 and a lower threaded connection 21. In the preferred embodiment, said lower threaded connection 21 is a male-threaded end connection, while the upper threaded connection 20 is a female box end screw connection; said connections 20 and 21 are advantageously designed to be coupled to the threaded connections of the liner or other tubes and accessories to be equipped with the centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention. By way of illustration, multiple sets of centralizer 1 can be incorporated in the desired locations along a casing column that is installed inside a well.
    [0050] [050] Still with reference to Figure 1, the arc spring assembly 100 is disposed around the outer surface of said tubular body element 10. Specifically, the substantially cylindrical end band 101 is disposed within the upper channel 12 of said central tubular body element 10, and extends around the outer circumference of said tubular body element 10. Similarly, the substantially cylindrical lower end band 103 is disposed within the lower channel 15 of the tubular body element 10 and it also extends around the outer circumference of said tubular body member 10.
    [0051] [051] A plurality of arc spring elements 110 having predetermined spacing extends between said upper end band 101 and said lower end band 103. In the preferred embodiment, the upper end band 101 and the end band bottom 103 are advantageously manufactured using a machining process (for example, in which a piece of raw material is cut into a desired shape and final size by a controlled material removal process), while other end bands Conventional centerers are commonly manufactured from flat rolled steel elements. Said machined upper and lower end bands provide more precise tolerances than conventional laminated steel end bands. Furthermore, said upper end band 101 and lower end band 103 are divided into "butterfly" or spaced apart, in order to fit around the outer surface of the tubular body element 10 and then joined together. Alignment pins 107 can be used to ensure proper alignment during such an assembly process.
    [0052] [052] In the preferred embodiment, a plurality of recesses 30 are notched or otherwise formed in the upper end band 101 and the lower end band 103. Furthermore, said recesses 30 have beveled edge surfaces 31. Said notched recesses 30 of said upper and lower end bands, which have beveled edge surfaces 31 and receive the ends 111 of the arc spring elements 110, allow for smooth profile welding (for example, “MIG” or “TIG” welding , or another joining method) and provide a stronger weld adhesion that has a smooth profile.
    [0053] [053] Such a smooth profile is significant and highly desirable, due to the fact that conventional methods of joining the arch springs to an end band (such as, for example, bands and notches that have contiguous rectangular edges) can result in solder fillets that form on smooth joints. Such weld fillets can project radially out of the outer surface of an end band (such as end bands 101 and 103), forming an unwanted protuberance that can damage wellheads or other equipment in contact with said centralizer assembly. Often, the largest outside diameter of conventional centering assemblies occurs where said arc springs are welded to the end bands. The flat profile welding of the present invention ensures that no weld fillet extends beyond the outside diameter of said end bands.
    [0054] [054] Figure 2 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with the arch spring assembly 100 installed on the central tubular body element 10. The arch spring elements 110 extend radially outwardly. from the central tubular body element 10. As shown in Figure 2, the arc spring elements 110 are extended, orienting the upper end band 101 (which moves axially within the upper channel 12 of the central body element 10) and the lower end band 103 (which moves axially within the lower channel 15 of the central body element 10) generally towards each other. As shown in Figure 2, said arc spring elements 110 extend radially outward from the central body element 10, creating a larger total outside diameter for the centralizer assembly 1.
    [0055] [055] Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with the arch spring assembly 100 installed on the central tubular body element 10 and the arch spring elements 110 retracted. As shown in Figure 3, the arc spring elements 110 are compressed inwardly, forcing the upper end band 101 (which moves axially within the upper channel 12 of the central body element 10) and the lower end band 103 ( which moves axially within the lower channel 15) generally away from each other.
    [0056] [056] Figure 4 shows a side view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with arc spring elements 110 extending radially outwardly, while Figure 5 shows a side sectional view of said centralizer assembly 1 along line 5-5 of Figure 4. Referring to Figure 5, the arc spring elements 110 extend outwardly, orienting the upper end band 101 and the lower end band 103 generally towards each other . As shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 and Figure 5, said arc spring elements 110 extend radially outward from the central body element 10, creating a larger outside diameter for the centralizer assembly 1 at the apex 112 of said arc spring elements 110.
    [0057] [057] Referring to Figure 5, in the preferred embodiment, the upper shoulder surface 13 of the upper channel 12 has a tapered or chamfered surface, while the lower shoulder surface 14 of the upper channel 12 is substantially oriented at a right angle. In contrast, the lower shoulder surface 17 of the lower channel 15 has a tapered or chamfered surface, while the upper shoulder surface 16 of the lower channel 15 is substantially oriented at a right angle.
    [0058] [058] Figure 6 shows an end view of a centralized spring spring assembly 100 of the present invention with the spring spring elements 110 extended. As shown in Figure 6, the arched spring elements 110 extend radially outwardly beyond the outer diameter of the body element 10, creating a larger total outer diameter for the centering assembly 1 at the apex 112 of said arched spring elements. 110.
    [0059] [059] Figure 7 shows an end sectional view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with the retracted arc spring elements 110 taken through the end band 103. The lower end band 103 is arranged around the central tubular body element 10 having the central through hole 11. As shown in Figure 7, the arc spring elements 110 are compressed inwardly; in that position, said arc spring elements 110 do not extend radially outwardly beyond the outer diameter of the upper end band 101 or the lower end band 103.
    [0060] [060] Said arc spring assembly 100 is advantageously rotatable with respect to the external surface of said central tubular body element 10 in the expanded or retracted configurations of Figure 2 or Figure 3; although, in most circumstances, the arc spring assembly 100 remains stationary while the central tubular body element 10 is rotated (typically, when a connected lining column is rotated while being installed in a well). Figure 8 shows a side sectional view of an arc spring element 110 and end band 103 of a centralizer assembly of the present invention. The end band 103 is disposed within the lower channel 15 of the central body element 10. The end 111 of the arc spring element 110 is received within the notched recess 30 in the end band 103 and welded in place to fix said element arcing spring 110 to said end band 103.
    [0061] [061] As shown in Figure 8, a recessed notch in the end band 103 forms the arch spring heel support 32. Said arch spring heel support 32 is arranged between the arch spring element 110 and the arch recessed channel 15 of the central body element 10, and prevents such an arc spring element 110 from contacting the outer surface 18 of said central body element 10 (or recessed channel 15) when said arc spring element 110 is compressed or retracted inwards, such as when said centralizer assembly goes through a restriction or “tight spot” inside a well bore.
    [0062] [062] Still with reference to Figure 8, said arch spring heel support 32 effectively eliminates the contact between the arch spring elements compressed inwards 10 and the outer surface 18 (or recessed channel 15) of the central tubular element 10 (particularly close to the heels of said arc spring elements 110), reducing any friction that may be created by said arc spring elements 110 that come into contact with the outer surface 18. The reduction of such friction results in in reduced strength, as the central tubular element 10 rotates within said retracted arc spring elements 110 and end band 103 (as well as end band 101, not shown in Figure 8). In addition, said arch spring heel support 32 and end band 103 also provide a centralizer limiter which, together with shoulder 16 of channel 15, prevents centralizer end band 103 from slipping out of the element central tubular 10 and allow the centralizer assembly 1 to be “pulled” to a restraint no matter which direction the pipe (and the centralizer assembly 1) is moving through a well hole.
    [0063] [063] In many cases, cladding columns or components of these are constructed of alloys or other high-quality materials. Generally, it is not desirable for such alloys or other materials to come into contact with conventional carbon steel elements, since contact with such dissimilar materials can cause corrosion, corrosion pitting or other undesirable conditions. Consequently, the body element 10 of the centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention, as well as the end bands 101 and 103, can be constructed of similar material that is consistent with the rest of a coating column being lowered (such as such as alloy, chrome or high quality materials), while the arc spring elements 110 can be constructed or contain dissimilar or different materials. The arch spring heel support 32 additionally ensures that the arch springs 110 do not come into contact with such a body element 10, which can be constructed of an alloy, chrome or high quality material. By way of illustration, however, without limitation, the end bands 101 and 103, as well as the central tubular element 10, can be constructed of chromium (which is compatible with a cladding column that is installed), while the elements of arc spring 110 can be constructed of spring steel. The heel support elements 32 prevent dissimilar materials from coming into contact with each other; the spring steel in the arc spring elements 110 will not make physical contact with the central tubular element 10.
    [0064] [064] Still referring to Figure 8, the chamfered edge surface 31 of the recess 30, which receives the end 111 of the arc spring element 110, allows the flat profile weld 40 (for example, with the use of “ MIG ”or“ TIG ”or other joining method) and provides stronger welded adhesion between said arc spring element 110 and end band 103. Such a flat profile weld ensures that a weld fillet does not extend beyond from the outer surface of the end band 103. In addition, the quality of such weld 40 is also more easily inspected and verifiable than welds on conventional arc spring centralizers.
    [0065] [065] Figure 10 shows an end sectional view of an arc spring element 110 and end band 103 of a centralizer assembly of the present invention illustrating such a smooth profile. The arc spring element 110 is received within the notched recess 30, while the weld 40 does not extend radially outwardly beyond the outer surface of the end band 103. Such a smooth profile is significant and highly desirable, because conventional methods of joining springs arched to an end band (such as, for example, bands and notches that have contiguous rectangular edges) can result in weld fillets that form on smooth joints. In a conventional centralizer design, weld fillets can project radially out of the outer surface of an end band (such as end band 103), forming an unwanted protrusion that can damage wellheads or other equipment in contact with said centralizer assembly.
    [0066] [066] The rotational interference between the arc spring assembly 100 and the central tubular body element 10 can be additionally minimized by using friction reduction means to assist or improve the rotation of said arc spring assembly 100 around of said central tubular element 10. Figure 9 shows a side sectional view of an injection port 105 that extends through the end band 103. Grease or other lubricant can be injected through said injection port 105 to lubricate the surfaces of contact between said centralizer end band 103 and the central body element 10. In addition, corrosion inhibiting materials can be included in such a lubricant or separately injected in order to protect the arc spring assembly 100 and the central body element 10 against corrosion or oxidation, particularly, during prolonged periods of non-use or storage.
    [0067] [067] By way of illustration, however, without limitation, such friction reduction means may also include bearings (which include, but are not necessarily limited to, fluid bearings, roller bearings, ball bearings or needle bearings) ). Said bearings can be mounted on the central tubular body element 10, centralizer end bands 101 or 103, upper recessed channel 12 or lower channel 15, or some combination thereof. In addition, the areas where said centralizer end bands come into contact with said central tubular element 10 (such as upper recessed channel 12 and / or lower recessed channel 15) can be constructed or coated with material reduction material. friction that includes, without limitation, silicone or other materials that have high lubricity or wear resistance characteristics.
    [0068] [068] Figure 11 shows a sectional view of an arched spring element 110 of the present invention that has a tapered outer surface, while Figure 12 shows a sectional view of an arched spring element 110 of the present invention that has a tapered outer surface. it does not have a conical outer surface. As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the outer edges 113 of the arc spring element 110 can be rounded or curved. Such rounded outer edges 113 eliminate many sharp edges that can damage, groove and deteriorate the polished surfaces of wellheads and other equipment. As shown in Figure 12, it may also be advantageous to include machined conical surfaces 114 in said arc spring elements 110 to allow for less radial protrusion and better weld characteristics. Such rounded edges allow the use of arched spring elements 110 which have thicker cross-sectional areas, thereby increasing the spring forces generated by said arched spring elements 110.
    [0069] [069] In order to reduce and / or prevent damage to wellheads and, more particularly, polished surfaces of such wellheads, certain components of the present material may be wholly or partly constructed of synthetic or composite materials (ie materials non-abrasive, low-friction and / or non-metallic) that will not damage, groove or deteriorate the wellhead polished surfaces. In most cases, such components include arched spring elements 110, because such arched spring elements 110 extend radially outwardly from the center body 10 of the centralizer, and are likely to have the greatest contact with such surfaces polished.
    [0070] [070] Alternatively, certain components (which include, without limitation, 110 arc spring elements) can be constructed with a metal center for strength characteristics, with the outer edges or surfaces constructed of or coated with a plastic material , composite, synthetic and / or other non-abrasive or low-friction material that has desired characteristics to prevent deterioration or marking of a wellhead or other polished surfaces in contact with the centralizer of the present invention. Such non-abrasive or low-friction materials may comprise elastomeric polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene (marketed under the brand name Teflon®) and / or other materials that exhibit desired characteristics.
    [0071] [071] In a preferred embodiment, said non-abrasive or low-friction materials can advantageously be sprayed or otherwise applied on the desired surfaces of the centralizer or components thereof, similar to the way in which the bedding materials ( such as, for example, bed linings sold under the trademark “Rhino Liners” ®) are applied to truck beds. Furthermore, in circumstances where a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention is removed from a well, such a non-abrasive or low-friction material can be applied (or reapplied) to such a centralizer assembly or portions thereof before reintroducing said centralizer into the said well.
    [0072] [072] Figure 13 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with a support assembly 200 installed. Said support assembly 200 of the present invention can be used to protect the centralizer assembly of the present invention, and in particular the arc spring elements 110 thereof, against damage during transportation and / or handling, in the preferred embodiment, the assembly protective support 200 of the present invention is inexpensive, reusable and easy to install and remove.
    [0073] [073] As shown in Figure 13, the support assembly 200 comprises a plurality of rigid elements 201. While said rigid elements 201 may have a variety of different shapes or configurations, as shown in Figure 13, said rigid elements 201 have substantially flat external surfaces 202 with tapered edge surfaces 203. Said rigid elements 201 can be joined to an elastic band element 204, and can be installed within spaces or gaps formed between the arc spring elements 110. The clamps of cable 205 can be installed within aligned recesses 206 to hold said rigid elements 201 in place.
    [0074] [074] Figure 14 shows a perspective view of a centralizer assembly 1 and support assembly 200 of the present invention. During installation, the rigid elements 201 of the support assembly 200 can be aligned to the centralizer assembly 1. Said rigid elements 201 can be moved apart to fit along said centralizer assembly 1 and between the arc spring elements 110 ; the elastic band elements 204 allow said rigid elements 201 to move radially outwardly, so that said rigid elements can fit along said centralizer assembly 1.
    [0075] [075] Figure 15 shows a side sectional view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with a support assembly 200 installed. The support assembly 200 comprises a plurality of rigid elements 201. While said rigid elements 201 may have a variety of different shapes or configurations, as shown in Figure 15, said rigid elements 201 have substantially flat outer surfaces 202 with edge surfaces conical 203. Said rigid elements 201 can be joined to an elastic band element 204, and can be installed within spaces or gaps formed between the arc spring elements of the centralizer assembly 1. The cable clamps or other method of fastening (for example, inelastic metal or synthetic bands), such as, the cable tie 205 can be installed inside the aligned recesses 206 to fix said rigid elements 201 in place.
    [0076] [076] Figure 16 shows an end sectional view of a centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention with a support assembly 200 installed. The support assembly 200 comprises a plurality of rigid elements 201 which are installed within spaces or gaps formed between the arc spring elements 110 of the centralizer assembly 1. The elastic band element 204 joins said rigid elements, while the clamps cable ties 205 secure said rigid elements 201 in place. The outer surfaces 202 of said rigid elements 201 extend radially outward beyond the arc springs 110. In the event of unexpected or undesirable contact (such as collisions, drag or improper storage), the rigid elements 201 surround and protect the elements of arc spring 110.
    [0077] [077] The rigid elements 201 of the support set 200 of the present invention can advantageously be constructed from composite materials and / or coated with moisture resistant materials to resist moisture absorption and prevent corrosion when in contact with metal components of an arc spring assembly 100 or central tubular element 10. Additionally, it is noted that the support assembly 200 of the present invention can be advantageously retracted for convenient storage and transportation of such support assembly 200 when not in use or installed in a centralizer or other tool.
    [0078] [078] In an alternative embodiment, the support assembly of the present invention has rigid end pieces that can be shaped or otherwise manufactured. This realization of the support set of the present invention, which can be used instead of conventional wooden boxes or other similar devices commonly used during the transport and handling of such equipment, eliminates the need to fix the support elements in such boxes.
    [0079] [079] Figure 17 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a centralizer end band 101 of the present invention. In a preferred method of manufacturing the centralizer assembly 1 of the present invention, the end bands 101 and 103 are machined to precise tolerances. Said end bands 101 and 103 form sleeves that have a substantially cylindrical shape.
    [0080] [080] Referring to Figure 7, the chamfered grooves 102 and 104 are cut or otherwise formed in each of said end bands similar to the cylindrical sleeve (the end band 103 is shown in Figure 7, however , the end band 101 can also have said grooves beveled); said beveled grooves are phased approximately 180 degrees apart from each other around the circumference of each end band, and extend substantially along the entire length of each such end band.
    [0081] [081] Figure 17 shows a side perspective view of the chamfered groove 102 in the end band 101 of the present invention. Said chamfered groove has chamfered edges 102a and 102b, and extends substantially along the entire length of the end band 101. Although not shown in Figure 17, the chamfered groove 104 is similarly formed within the end band 101, and is phased approximately 180 degrees away from bevel groove 102 (i.e., on the opposite side of end band 101 from bevel groove 102). In the preferred embodiment, alignment holes 106 can be formed within bevel groove 102, and alignment pins 107 can be temporarily installed within said alignment holes to ensure additional alignment.
    [0082] [082] Figure 18 shows an end view of a centralized spring spring assembly 100 of the present invention with end band 101 in a partially divided configuration. The chamfered groove 102 can be cut or divided at its thinnest point allowing the end band 101 to be divided and spread out in a "butterfly". The chamfered groove 104 serves as a hinge to allow such spreading of the end band 101. Figure 19 shows a detailed view of the highlighted area shown in Figure 18, in which the chamfered groove 102 which has a cross-alignment hole 106 is divided separating the chamfered surfaces 102a and 102b. After being radially spaced, said sleeve-like end band 101 can be installed around the outer surface of a central tubular body element (such as the tubular body element 10 shown in Figure 7) and assembled.
    [0083] [083] Thereafter, the end band similar to the sleeve 101 (as well as the end band 103) can be closed around the outer surface of said central tubular element, with the chamfered groove 104 again serving as a hinge to allow such closing of the end band 101. Figure 20 shows an end view of a centralized spring spring assembly 100 of the present invention with the chamfered groove 102 in a joined configuration. Figure 21 shows a detailed view of the highlighted area shown in Figure 20. Alignment holes 106 can be combined to visually confirm the proper alignment of said joined groove 102 of end band 101; optional alignment pins 107 can be temporarily installed within said alignment holes 106 to further confirm such alignment, with any required positioning adjustments being made. Once the alignment is properly confirmed, the alignment pins 107 can be removed and the chamfered grooves 102 and 104 can be welded in order to fix said sleeve-like end band 101 around the outer surface of an central tubular body.
    [0084] [084] It should be noted that a similar process can be followed with the end band similar to the sleeve 103. When completed, the end bands 101 and 103 are oriented substantially parallel to each other, and are swiveled around the outer surface of a central tubular body element.
    [0085] [085] In certain circumstances, particularly for centralizers that have relatively small diameters, it may be advantageous to divide at least one centralizer band by separating said band into two pieces when cutting through both said beveled grooves. Thereafter, said sleeve-like end band can be completely separated, positioned around the outer surface of a central tubular element, and brought together to form a cylindrical element. The alignment holes can be combined to visually confirm the proper alignment of said closed end bands; the optional alignment pins can be temporarily installed inside said alignment holes to further confirm such alignment, with any required positioning adjustments being made. Once properly positioned, said beveled grooves can be welded in order to reconnect said band halves and fix said end band similar to the reconnected sleeve around the outer surface of a central tubular body element.
    [0086] [086] When the conventional end bands are installed in a tubular body element, the existing manufacturing means (typically, rolled steel) often result in said bands that become “egg-shaped”, out of the circular shape or, otherwise, deformed. The manufacturing process described in this document results in end bands similar to the sleeve 101 and 103 that remain substantially cylindrical in shape, which results in precise tolerances and the superior rotational performance of the centralizer assembly of the present invention.
    [0087] [087] The invention described above has a number of particular features that should preferably be used in combination, although each is separately useful without departing from the scope of the invention. Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown and described in this document, it is to be understood that the invention may be incorporated in a manner other than that illustrated and described in a specific manner in this document, and that certain changes in the form and arrangement of the parts and in the specific way of practicing the invention can be carried out within the underlying idea or principles of the invention
    权利要求:
    Claims (19)
    [0001]
    WELL CENTRALIZER (1) comprising: a) a tubular element (10) that has a central through hole (11), an outer surface (18), and the first (12) and second (15) circumferential channels arranged on the outer surface (18); b) a first band element (101) rotatable disposed in the first circumferential channel (12); c) a second band element (103) rotatable disposed in the second circumferential channel (15); and d) a plurality of arc spring elements (110), each having a first end (111) and a second end (111), wherein the first end (111) is connected to the first web element (101 ) and the second end (111) is connected to the second web element (103); the centralizer (1) being characterized by comprising: e) a first heel support element (32) disposed between each arc spring element (110) and the first band element (101).
    [0002]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first (101) and second (103) web elements are manufactured using a machining process.
    [0003]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc spring elements (110) stop coming into contact with the outer surface (18) of the tubular element (10) when the arc spring elements (110) are fully elongated.
    [0004]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises at least one lubrication port (105) which extends through the first web element (101) or the second web element (103).
    [0005]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises means for reducing friction between the tubular element (10) and the first (101) and second (103) band elements.
    [0006]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 5, characterized by the means for reducing friction between the tubular element (10) and the first (101) and second (103) web elements comprising at least one bearing.
    [0007]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end (111) of each of the arc spring elements (110) is flush mounted on the first band element (101) and the second end (111) of each arc spring element (101) is flush mounted to the second band element (103), and no weld (40) extends beyond the outer surfaces of the first (101) or second (103) band element.
    [0008]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a recessed notch (30) in the first band element (101), adapted to receive a first end (111) of an arc spring element (110) , wherein the recessed notch has at least one chamfered edge (31) and the first end (111) of the arc spring element (110) is welded to the first web element (101).
    [0009]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that it further comprises a recessed notch (30) in the second web element (103), adapted to receive a second end (111) of an arc spring element (110) , wherein the recessed notch (30) has at least one chamfered edge (31) and the second end (111) of the arc spring element (110) is welded to the second band element (103).
    [0010]
    CENTRALIZER according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a second heel support element (32) disposed between each arc spring element (110) and the second band element (103).
    [0011]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the well centralizer assembly comprises at least partially a non-abrasive or low-friction material.
    [0012]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the arc spring elements (110) comprise a non-metallic material.
    [0013]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the arc spring elements (110) comprise a metallic body coated with a non-abrasive material.
    [0014]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 13, characterized in that the non-abrasive material comprises elastomeric polyurethane or polytetrafluoroethylene.
    [0015]
    CENTRALIZER (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that it additionally comprises a support set (200) comprising: a) a plurality of rigid body elements (201) disposed between the arc spring elements (110), wherein the rigid elements (201) extend radially out of the tubular element (10) in addition to the arc spring elements (110); and b) at least one elastic band (204) that extends through the rigid elements (201), the elastic band (204) orienting the rigid elements towards the tubular element (10).
    [0016]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 15, characterized in that it additionally comprises an inelastic band (205) arranged around the rigid body elements (201).
    [0017]
    CENTRALIZER (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that the arc spring elements (110) have rounded side edges (113).
    [0018]
    METHOD FOR INSTALLING A CENTRALIZER (1) IN A WELL, comprising the steps of: a) include a centralizer (1) within a coating column, the centralizer (1) additionally comprising: i) a first cylindrical band member (101); ii) a second cylindrical band member (103); iii) a tubular element (10) having a central through hole (11), wherein the tubular element (10) is received within the first (101) and second (103) band elements; and iv) a plurality of arc spring elements (110), each of which has a first end (111) and a second end (111), wherein the first end (111) is connected to the first web element (101 ) and the second end (111) is connected to the second web element (103); and v) prevent the arch spring elements (110) from coming into contact with the outer surface of the central tubular element (10) when the arch springs (110) are compressed, arrange a heel support element (32) between each arc spring element (110) and the first band element (101); in which the method is characterized by additionally understanding the steps of: b) apply a non-abrasive or low-friction material to the centralizer (1); c) install the centralizer (1) and the coating column in the well; and d) applying a lubricant or corrosion inhibitor between the tubular element (10) and the first (101) and second (103) band elements.
    [0019]
    METHOD according to claim 18, characterized in that the lubricant or corrosion inhibitor is injected through at least one port (105) which extends through the first band element (101) and at least one port (105) which extends through the second web element (103).
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    US20150368991A1|2015-12-24|
    US20130248206A1|2013-09-26|
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    AU2013235174A1|2014-10-30|
    WO2013142576A1|2013-09-26|
    CA2867033A1|2013-09-26|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-04| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2020-01-07| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|
    2021-01-26| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2021-03-23| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 20/03/2013, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    2021-08-03| B25G| Requested change of headquarter approved|Owner name: BLACKHAWK SPECIALTY TOOLS, LLC (US) |
    2021-08-17| B25A| Requested transfer of rights approved|Owner name: FRANK'S INTERNATIONAL, LLC (US) |
    2022-03-08| B25L| Entry of change of name and/or headquarter and transfer of application, patent and certificate of addition of invention: publication cancelled|Owner name: BLACKHAWK SPECIALTY TOOLS, LLC (US) Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 25.1 NA RPI NO 2641 DE 17/08/2021 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201261613183P| true| 2012-03-20|2012-03-20|
    US61/613,183|2012-03-20|
    US201261710344P| true| 2012-10-05|2012-10-05|
    US61/710,344|2012-10-05|
    US201261726615P| true| 2012-11-15|2012-11-15|
    US61/726,615|2012-11-15|
    PCT/US2013/033104|WO2013142576A1|2012-03-20|2013-03-20|Well centralizer|
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